Residential Glass EXTERIOR
Glass
Everything you wanted to know about residential glass, but
were afraid to ask.
Well, maybe not everything, but close enough! At Kiwi Auto Glass,
we want you to make an informed choice. Below you'll find
an alphabetical list which we hope will help answer some of
your questions about the terms and technology of residential
glass repair and replacement.
Acrylic
A type of thermoplastic, sometimes used for glazing. Good
weather resistance, shatter resistance and visual clarity.
Air Infiltration
The amount of air leaking in and out of a building through
cracks in walls, windows and doors.
Air Pockets
Bubbles of air that form within a compound used to adhere/affix
glass.
Annealed Glass
Standard float glass (see below).
Awning Window
Similar to a casement (see below) except the sash in most
cases (see below) is hinged at the top and always projects
out.
Back Putty
Small bead of glazing material between the glass and the
sash, on the opposite side of the glass from the face glazing
(see below).
Bay Window
An arrangement of three or more individual window units,
attached in such a way as to project from the building at
various angles.
Bead
Sealant or compound in a joint, a molding, or a stop (see
below) used to hold glass or panels in position.
Bed or Bedding
The bead of a compound applied between a lite (plate) of
glass or a panel and the sash or frame. Usually the first
bead of compound to be applied when setting glass or panes.
Bite
Amount of overlap between the top of a stop (see below) and
the inserted edge of a panel or lite of glass.
Block
A piece of lead, neoprene or other suitable material used
to position the glass in the frame.
Blocking
To shim (see below), level and plumb windows/doors in required
position.
Bow Window
A window with three or more units of equal width, which can
be fixed, operable or mixed in any combination.
BTU
British Thermal Unit
Buttering
Applying a compound or sealant to the flat surface of glass
before placing it into position.
Butyl
A synthetic rubber used as a sealant and architectural glazing
tape.
Casement
A unit of glass, generally longer vertically than horizontally.
It can either be opened to the outside (most common) or inside.
Caulking
The blocking of exterior air or moisture leaks by filling
cracks around doors, windows, or anywhere else with a putty-like
compound.
Cavity Wall
When an outer wall is fastened to an inner wall separated
by an air space.
CFM
A unit for air flow referring to cubic feet per minute.
Clips
Wire spring devices to hold glass in a rabbetted (see below)
sash without stops.
Compatibility
The ability of two or more materials to exist in close and
permanent association for an indefinite period with no adverse
effect of one on the other.
Conduction
Process of heat transfer through a material from a warm surface
to a cool surface.
Convection
Heat transfer by the movement of fluid or air.
Convex Bead
Bead of compound with convex exposed surface.
CRF
Condensation Resistance Factor.
Curtain Wall
An exterior building wall which carries no roof or floor
loads, made entirely or mostly of metal, or a combination
of metal, glass and other surfacing materials supported by
a metal framework.
Desiccant
A porous transparent substance that absorbs moisture from
within sealed air space or an insulating glass unit.
Double Glazing
Two sheets of glass, separated by an air space. Double glazing
improves insulation against heat transfer and/or sound transmission.
Double-Hung Window
A window consisting of two sashes of glass operating in the
same rectangular frame. Both the upper and lower halves can
be slid up and down. There is usually use a counter balance
mechanism to hold the sash in place.
Dry Glazing
A method of securing glass in a frame without the use of
a compound.
Elasticity
Ability to take up a certain degree of expansion and contraction.
EPDM
A weather-protection compound with good resistance to ultra-violet
radiation.
Epoxy
A thermoplastic resin.
Exterior Glazed
Glass set from the exterior of the building.
Exterior Stop
The removable molding that holds the panel in place on the
exterior side.
Fascia
Exterior perimeter of the roof just below the roof-line,
perpendicular to the overhang.
Fixed Window
A window which is stationary, also known as a picture window.
Float Glass
High optical quality glass with parallel surfaces that retain
the fire-finished brilliance of the finest sheet glass without
polishing and grinding. Float is replacing plate glass.
Fogging
A warp on the inside surface of a sealed insulating glass
unit. Caused by extremes of temperatures.
Gasket
A pre-formed shape of rubber or rubber-like composition used
to fill and seal joints or openings.
Glazing
The work of installing glass in a frame.
Glazing Bead
A molding or stop around the inside of a frame to hold the
glass in place.
Glazing Compound
A soft dough-like material used for filling and sealing the
space between a pane of glass and its surrounding frame.
Head or Header
Upper horizontal component of the master frame of a window,
patio door or entrance way.
Heat Gain
The transfer of heat from outside to inside.
Heat Loss
The transfer of heat from inside to outside.
Heat-Strengthened Glass
Glass which is reheated to just below melting point and then
cooled. A compressed surface is formed which increases its
strength.
Hermetically Sealed Unit
An insulated glass unit made up of two lites (panes) of glass
which are separated by an aluminum spacer tube. The unit is
completely sealed, creating a moisture-free, clean, dead-air
space.
Hopper
Similar to casement window except the sash is hinged at the
bottom.
Horizontal Slider
A window in which the moveable panel slides horizontally.
Insulating Glass
Insulating glass refers to two pieces of glass spaced apart
and hermetically sealed to form a single-glazed unit with
an air space between.
Interior Glazed
Glass set from the interior of the building.
Jalousie Window
A window of horizontally mounted, louvered glass panels that
abut tightly when closed and extend outward when cranked open.
Jambs
The two vertical members of the perimeter of the sash (see
below).
Keeper
A device into which a latch hooks for security.
Kerf
A cut, notch, or groove in a material.
Laminated Glass
Two or more sheets with an inner layer of transparent plastic
to which the glass adheres if broken. Used for overhead, safety
glazing, and sound reduction.
Lite
Another term for a pane of window glass.
Louver
A window in which slats are so placed to block rain, sunlight
or vision.
Mullion
A connector bridging two or more windows or patio doors together.
Outside Casing
Wooden exterior framing of the window.
Picture Window
The picture window is stationary and framed so that it is
usually, but not always, longer horizontally than vertically
to provide a panoramic view.
Plate Glass
Polished plate glass is a rolled, ground and polished product
that offers excellent vision. It has less surface polish than
sheet glass and is available in thickness varying from 1/4"
to 1-1/4". Now replaced by float glass (see above).
Prime Window
A window installed during initial construction, serving as
an integral part of the structure.
PSF
Pounds per square foot.
Rabbet
A two-sided L-shaped recess in sash or frame to accommodate
lites or panels.
Sash
The portion of a window which includes the glass and the
framing sections directly attached to it.
Shear
Strain put on a compound between two surfaces when there
is slippage.
Sheet Glass
A transparent, flat glass whose surface has a characteristic
waviness being replaced by float glass (see above).
Shims
Small blocks of composition, neoprene, etc., placed under
bottom edge of lite or panel to prevent it from settling down
onto the bottom of frame and distorting the sealant.
Single Glazing
The use of single thickness of glass in a window or door
(as opposed to sealed insulated glass which offers far superior
insulating characteristics).
Single Hung
Similar in appearance to the double-hung window, the single-hung
window features a stationary top and a movable bottom half.
Slider
A slider window may have one or two movable panes of glass.
Whatever the type, the windows slide horizontally in the frame.
Spacers
Small blocks of composition, wood, rubber, etc., placed on
each side of glass panels to center them in the channel of
the frame.
Spandrel Glass
Heat-strengthened float glass (see above) with a colored
ceramic coating on the surface. It has double the strength
of annealed glass. It is available in a wide array of colors.
Stile
The upright vertical edges of a door, window or screen.
Stop
Either the stationary lip at the back of a rabbet (see above),
or the removable molding at the front of the rabbet, which
helps hold the glass panel in place.
Storm Windows
A second set of windows installed on the outside or inside
of the prime windows to provide additional insulation.
Tempered Glass
When shattered it breaks into small, rounded pieces of glass,
rather than sharp, irregular pieces. It is approximately 4
times stronger than standard annealed glass, and is used as
safety glazing in patio doors, entrance doors, side lites
(see above), and other hazardous locations.
Tilt Window
A single or double hung window whose operable sash (see above)
can be tilted into the room, for easier washing.
Tinted Glass
A colored mineral admixture is incorporated in the glass.
Tinting offers sun protection and better temperature control.
Trombe Wall
Glass covered concrete wall that collects and stores heat
passively. Heat radiates back into the outdoors or into internal
air or heating.
UBC
Uniform Building Code
Unit
Term normally used to refer to one single lite (see above)
of insulating glass.
U-Value
The measurement used in determining the ability of different
structural components (such as windows) to conduct heat. U-values
can tell you how well your windows will hold in your heated
or cooled air. The lower the number, the better.
Vinyl Glazing
Glass is held in place in vinyl channels.
Weephole
A small opening in a wall or window member through which
water may drain to the building exterior.
Wet Glazing
A method of sealing glass in a frame by using a knife or
gun-applied glazing compound or sealant.
Window Wall
A metal curtain wall (see above) in which windows are the
most prominent element. Also refers to the smallest fixed
lites (see above) used with wall systems.
Wire Glass
Wire mesh is embedded within the glass so it won't shatter
when broken and remains in the opening longer in the case
of a fire. Frequently used in locations where a fire-rated
glass is required.
Glossary Sources
Kiwi Auto Glass, The National Glass Association, The Glass Encyclopedia,
The British Glass Manufacturers' Confederation, Glassonline.com,
Glass.com |
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